1、（1）If you want to live a long life, there are seven golden rules. You should be married, live in a small town and have a job that requires physical activities. And you should not smoke. Nor should you become over-weight. You should drive within the speed limits, wering a safety belt. And you should
2、have regular medical checkups.On average, women live six years longer than men. So it helps if youre a woman and your chances improve if your parents and grandparents each live to a ripe old age.Currently the average life span for a man in civilized countries is 70years; 76 are normal for a woman.Ea
3、rliest man was lucky if he reached 30 and even in roman times, a man was old at 40.by the 17th century the average life span for Europeans was 51.people in this century enjoy a long life.(2)The first part of the 20th century saw more great inventions. The helicopter in 1909.Sound movies in 1926.The
4、computer in 1928.And jet planes in 1930.This was also a time when a new material was first made. Nylon came out in 1935.it changed the kind of clothes people wear.The middle part of the 20th century brought new ways to help people get over diseases. They worked very well. They made people healthier
5、and let them live long lives. By the 1960s most people could expect to live to be at least 60.By this time most people had a very good life. Of course new inventions continued to be made. But man now had a desire to explore again. The world is known to man but the stars are not yet. Man began lookin
6、g for ways to go into space. Russia made the first step. Then the United States took a step. Since then other countries, including china and Japan, have made their steps into space.(3)Doctors say as many as 20% of all children in the United States suffer from some form of the learning disorder calle
7、d dyslexia.Experts on dyslexia say that the problem is not a disease. They say that persons with dyslexia use information in a different way. One of the worlds great thinkers and scientists Albert Einstein was dislexic. Mr Einstein said that he never thought in words the way that most of us do. He s
8、aid that he thought in pictures instead. Other famous persons who had dyslexia include Leonardo da Vinic, the American inventor Thomas Edison and former American vice-president Nelson Rockefeller. Dyslexia first was recognized in Europe and the United States more than 80 years ago. Many years passed
9、 before doctors discovered that persons with disorder were not mentally slow or disabled. The doctors found that the brains of persons with dyslexia are different. In most people, the left side of the brain-the part that controls language, is larger than the right side. In persons with dyslexia, the
10、 right side of the brain is bigger. Doctors are not sure what causes this difference. However, research had shown that dyslexia is more common in males than in females, and it is found more often in persons who are left-handed.(4)One recent study conducted in the United States tested a large number
11、of people. Participants included both males and females who ranged in age from 12 to 83.during the experiment, these people were given a variety of breakfasts, and sometimes, they had to skip breakfast completely. Special tests, including blood tests and endurance tests, were set up to analyze how w
12、ell the participants bodies functioned when they had eaten a certain kind of breakfast.The results showed that if a person eats an adequate breakfast, he or she will work more efficiently and more productively than if he or she skips breakfast or eats a very poor breakfast. This fact appears to be e
13、specially true if a persons work involves mental activity. The study showed if schoolchildren eat fruit, eggs, bread, and milk before going to school, they will learn more quickly and will be able to concentrate on their lessons for a longer period of time than if their breakfast diet is inadequate.
14、The study also showed that contrary to what many people believe, if you skip breakfast, you would not lose weight. This is because people become so hungry if they skip breakfast that they eat too much for lunch and end up gaining weight instead of losing. So remember, if you are on a diet, skipping
15、breakfast will not help you. You will probably lose more weight if you reduce your other meals.(5)Last summer, about one thousand and five hundred young people from Western Europe arrived in the United States to take in an experiment called ”Au pairs in American ”. The young people were to live with
16、 American families for one year and take care of the familys children.What were the results of the experiment?Au pair is a French word that means equal to. As au pair workers, the young Europeans were treated as guests, or as members of the family, not as servants. They were paid one hundred dollars
17、 a week for their child-care work. The American family also paid for their au pairs studies at local colleges or universities.Officials of the private group that organized the experiment, the American institution for foreign study scholarship foundation, say it has been a great success. The American
18、 families were more than satisfied with au pairs. About seventy five percent of the families have asked for another au pair next year.(6)When quite young, Daniel Webster did not always obey the rules at school. One day the teacher caught him breaking a rule and asked him to come forward to be punish
19、ed. In that school, striking the open hand with a ruler was the punishment. Daniels hands happened to be very dirty. On the way to the teachers desk he wiped the palm of one hand on his trousers.” give me your hand, sir,” demanded the teacher. Out went the right hand. The teacher looked at it a mome
20、nt and said,” Daniel, if you will find another hand in this schoolroom as dirty as that, I will let you go.” instantly from behind Daniels back came the left hand.” here it is, sir,” he replied.” that will do,” said the teacher, laughing. “You may go.”(7)可能有误Recently a group of 17-year-old schoolboy
21、s decided to bear one world basketball time record. They could play for 80 hours and add 10 hours the record. He could 18 boys play for almost 4 days without stopping. The boys decided that each person would play for and hours, then for two hours. They had to be able to sleep near the basketball and
22、 nor needed not food and drink day and night. Finally they started at 6 oclock one evening.The first night was very hard for the players when it was their turn to rest they were too excited to fall asleep at once. After sleeping for a short time they had to play again. The people cheered the players
23、 efforts. On the second night they fell sleep as soon as they stopped. Some of them had trouble with their hands and feet, but the only serious problem was a mental one. Each boy was thinking: what am I doing here? How can I play any longer? After the third night the players knew they could finish t
24、he hours. On the fourth night the play was very slow, but in the final hours it got better. For the last few minutes the players looked as fresh as when started. They were tired, but they very happy.(8)Compound dictationWhen you choose travel books, you must make sure that it does not describe every
25、thing as marvelous or magical. You must also note its date of publication, because travel is a very practical affair and many things change quickly in the 20th century. Of course you should make sure that the contents are well presented and easy to find.There are three kinds of travel books. The fir
26、st are those that give a personal, subjective account of travel, which the author has actually made himself. If they are informative and have a good index, then they can be useful to you when you are planning your travel. The second kind are those books whose purpose is to give a purely objective de
27、scription of things to be done and seen. If a well-read, cultured person has written such a book, then it is even more useful. It can be classified as a selective guidebook. The third kind is those books that are called a guide to some place or other. If they are good, they will, in addition to thei
28、r factual information, give an analysis or an interpretation. Like the first kind, they can be inspiring and entertaining, but their primary function is to assist the reader who wishes to plan in the most practical way.(9)The summer holidays are the best part of the year for most children. The weath
29、er is usually good, so that one can spend most of ones time playing in the garden or, if one lives in the country, out in the woods and fields. Even if one lives in a big town, one can usually go to a park to play.The best place for a summer holiday, however, is the seaside. Some children are lucky
30、enough to live near the sea, but for the others who do not, a week or two at one of the big seaside towns is something which they will talk about for the whole of the following year.In England, it is not only the rich who can take their children to the seaside; if a factory worker or a bus driver, a
31、 street cleaner or a waiter wants to take his wife and children to Southend or Margate, Blackpool or Clacton, he is usually quite able to de so.Now, what is it that children like so much about the seaside? I think it is the sand, sea and sun more than any other things. Of course, there are lots of n
32、ew things to see, nice things to eat, and exciting things to do, but it is the feeling of sand under ones feet, of salt water on ones skin, and of the warm sun on ones back that make the seaside what it is.(10)“When I was a young man I was employed in a large importing house in New York, and, as is
33、usual with young persons, I fell in love with a pretty young girl. Very soon we were engaged. About two months before our marriage was to take place, I was suddenly sent to Birmingham on very important business. I left my sweetheart, promising to write to her.”“I was obliged to stay in Birmingham lo
34、nger than I had expected. At last my work was done, and I could leave Birmingham. But just before I left for home, I bought a beautiful and very expensive diamond ring, intending to give it to my sweetheart”“On my way to new York, I was looking through the morning newspaper, which had been brought o
35、n board by the pilot. Suddenly I saw an announcement of my sweethearts marriage with another. This made me so angry that I threw the ring overboard. A few days later, when I was eating fish I bit on something hard. What do you think it was? ”“The diamond ring,” cried the listeners. ”No, ”said the ol
36、d gentleman sadly,” it was a fish-bone.”(11)In 1920,after some thirty-nine years of problems with disease, high costs, and politics, the panama canal was officially opened, finally linking the Atlantic and pacific oceans by allowing ships to pass through the fifty-mile canal zone instead of travelin
37、g some seven thousand miles around cape horn. It takes s ship approximately 8 hours to complete the trip through the canal and costs an average of fifteen thousand dollars, one-tenth of what it would cost an average ship to round the horn. More than fifteen thousand ships pass through its locks each
38、 year.The French initiated the project but sold their rights to the United States. The latter will control it until the end of the twentieth century when panama takes over its duties.(12)It doesnt matter when or how much a person sleeps, but everyone needs some rest to stay alive. Thats what all doc
39、tors thought, until they heard about AL Herpin.Al Herpin, it was said, never slept. He was 90 years old when doctors came to his home in New Jersey. They expected to find out that he needed sleep of some kind. But they were surprised. Though they watched him every hour of the day, they never saw Her
40、pin sleeping. He did not even own a bed. He never needed one.The closest that Herpin came to resting was to sit in a rocking chair and read some newspapers. The doctors were puzzled by this strange continuous sleeping ness. Herpin offered the only probable explanation of his condition. he remembered some talk about his mother having been injured several days before he was born.Herpin died at the age of 94.英语资料
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