高一英语北师大版必修二Unit4Cyberspace语法---虚拟语气.PPT

1、 The Subjunctive MoodSun Sun YongliYongli If you were a teardrop,in my eye,for fear of losing you,I would never cry.And if the golden sun,should cease to shine its light,just one smile from you,would make my whole world bright.如果你是我眼里的一滴泪，为了不失去你，我将永不如果你是我眼里的一滴泪，为了不失去你，我将永不哭泣；哭泣；如果金色的阳光停止了它耀眼的光芒，你的一个

2、微笑如果金色的阳光停止了它耀眼的光芒，你的一个微笑将照亮我的整个世界。将照亮我的整个世界。一、虚拟语气在一、虚拟语气在ifif引导的引导的条件状语从句中的用法条件状语从句中的用法 时间时间If If 从句的谓从句的谓语形式语形式主句的谓主句的谓语形式语形式现在现在过去过去将来将来did/werehad done1.did/were2.should do3.were to dowould/could/should/might+V.(原原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.would/could/should/might+V.(原原)1.If you had HI

3、V,you would know because you would feel sick.2.If I were you,I would give AIDS patient a hug.3.If I had taken your advice,I wouldnt have made a mistake.4.If he had been there,it wouldnt have happened.与现在事实相反与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与过去事实相反5.If it should rain tomorrow,they wouldnt go for an outing.6.I think we

4、could do it,if we planed it properly and could borrow the tools.7.If we were to have three days off,we would enjoy a very happy life.与将来与将来事实相反事实相反虚拟条虚拟条件件句应注意以下几点句应注意以下几点：1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做混合虚拟所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做混合虚拟条件句。此时主句和从句的谓语动词要依条件句。此时主句和从句的谓语动词要依照它所表示的时间而定。照它所表示的时

5、间而定。If the weather had been finer,the crops would be growing still better.If you had followed the teachers advice,you wouldnt fail the exam.2.假假设条件虚拟倒装。设条件虚拟倒装。条件从句中如果条件从句中如果有有should，were或或 had三个助动词，可以把三个助动词，可以把if省略，并将省略，并将should,were或或 had提至句首。提至句首。If I were you,I would give it up.If it were not fo

6、r your advice,we couldnt have got over the difficulties.Were I you,I would give it up.Were it not for your advice,we couldnt have got over the difficulties.If I had had time,I would have run around that lake again.If there should be a flood,what should we do?Had I had time,I would have run round tha

7、t lake again.Should there be a flood,what should we do?3.without/or/otherwise/but for/but/but that 引起的短语或句子常暗含着虚拟条件。引起的短语或句子常暗含着虚拟条件。Without water,there would be no life.But for your advice,I might have got into trouble.Our monitor was absent,or I would not have taken the chair.二、虚拟语气二、虚拟语气 在名词性从句中的

8、用法在名词性从句中的用法1.wish+宾语从句现在：现在：过去：过去：将来将来：过过去时去时(did/were)过去完成时过去完成时(had done)would/could/might+V.(原形原形)I wish I were a bird.()I wish I hadnt made such a mistake.()We wish our parents wouldnt punish us.()过去过去将来将来现在现在2.would rather that 现在：过去：将来：I would rather you paid me now.()I would rather you had g

9、one,too.()Dont come.I would rather you came tomorrow.()过去时(did/were）过去时(did/were)过去完成时(haddone)现在现在过去过去将来将来3.表示“要求，命令，建议”的虚拟语气。一个坚持：insist两个命令命令：order,command 三个建议建议：advise,suggest,propose,【拓展拓展】recommend四个要求：要求：demand,require,request,desire 【拓展拓展】ask,urge 这这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句

10、中的动词法。即从句中的动词 使用使用should+should+动词原动词原形形，可以将，可以将shouldshould省略。省略。我们建议我们建议Tom去休息一下。去休息一下。他坚决要求我到场。他坚决要求我到场。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。We suggested that Tom(should)have a rest.He insisted that I(should)be present.The king ordered that the prisoners(should)be killed the

11、next day.They requested that we(should)send them to work there.We suggested that he meeting(should)be put off.They insisted that the boy(should)go with them.注意：注意：suggest suggest 当表示当表示“暗示、表明暗示、表明“讲时，讲时，insist insist 表示表示“坚持认为坚持认为/说说”之意时，应用陈述语之意时，应用陈述语气。气。The smile on his face suggested that he was

12、satisfied with our work.The man insisted that he had never stolen the money.他脸上的表情表明他对我们的工作很满意他脸上的表情表明他对我们的工作很满意那个人坚持说他没有偷钱那个人坚持说他没有偷钱特别注意特别注意 4.4.以以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词变化形式一样。虚拟语气。从句中的动词变化形式一样。order,advice,suggestion,proposal,orde

13、r,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,requirement,desiredemand,request,requirement,desire The old professor gave orders that the experiment(should）be finished before 6：00.Your advice that she wait till next week is reasonable.三、虚拟语气三、虚拟语气的其他特殊用法的其他特殊用法1.as if/though+从句现在：过去：过去时过去完成时She loves t

14、he baby as if it were her own son.He looks as if he had just met a ghost.【注意注意】从从句如果很有可能发生句如果很有可能发生,也可用陈述也可用陈述语气语气It looks as if it is going to rain.2.Its(about/high)time+that should+V.原原过去时过去时你该走了。你该走了。我们该睡觉了。我们该睡觉了。Its high time that you went.Its high time that you should go.Its time that we went

15、to bed.Its time that we should go to bed.3.If only(要是要是就好了就好了)【同同wish用法用法】If only I knew her name!()If only we had followed your advice!()要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the train!现在现在过去过去4.Its necessary/stra

16、nge/natural/important/a pity/a shame/suggested/required+that 主主语从句中语从句中的动词要用的动词要用虚拟语气，即虚拟语气，即(should)+(should)+动词原动词原形形It is important that we(should)master a foreign language.It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.5.在在in case，for fear that，lest引导的从句引导的从句中，谓语动词用中，谓语动词用（should）+do，（，（in c

17、ase句句中的中的should通常不省去），从句表达通常不省去），从句表达“唯恐，唯恐，以免以免”之意，有时也用之意，有时也用陈述语气陈述语气。The student is working hard for fear that he should fail to pass the exam.He took his raincoat with him in case it should rain.Youd better take an umbrella in case it rains.四、虚拟语气四、虚拟语气强化训练题强化训练题Exercises“Have you visited the Sc

18、ience Museum?”“No,but I really wish I _.”A.had B.did C.have D.willAI didnt go to the party,but I do wish I _there.A.was B.were C.had been D.wentCI wish I _ you yesterday.A.see B.did see C.had seen D.were to seeC When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it _.A.breaks B.has broken C.

19、were broken D.had been brokenCThe actor is 58 years old.But he acts as if he _ a young man.A.is B.will be C.am D.wereDThe clouds are getting darker and darker.It looks as if it _rain.A.is going to B.will C.was going to D.wouldAIf you _tomorrow,you _find the new manager working in the office.A.should

20、 come;would B.would come;wouldC.will come;should D.comes;mightAIf the parents _at the hospital earlier after the accident,the child would have been saved.A.arrives B.arrive C.had arrived D.has arrivedCI didnt see your sister at the meeting.If she _,she would have met my brother.A.has come B.did come

21、 C.came D.had comeD If my lawyer _here last Sunday,he _ me from going.A.had been;would have preventedB.had been;would preventC.were;would prevent D.were;would have preventedA_the exam,he would have attended a college.A.If he passed B.Had he passedC.Were he passed D.If he should passB_five minutes earlier,you could have seen them off.A.If you should arrive B.If you arriveC.Had you arrived D.Should you arriveC _it rain tomorrow,we should have to put off the visit to the Science Museum.A.Were B.should C.would D.willB