结构设计常用专业英语词汇汇编.doc

1、Contents 英汉对照 目录 Contents I 上册目录Chapter 1 Loads and Action1第一章 荷载与作用1Chapter 2 Seismic Design8第二章 抗震设计8Chapter 3 Foundation14第三章 地基基础14Chapter 4 Reinforcement Concrete22第四章 钢筋混凝土结构22Chapter 5 Steel Structure28第五章 钢结构28Chapter 6 Composite Structure37第六章 组合结构37Chapter 7 Masonry Structure40第七章 砌体结构40Ch

2、apter 8 Others43第八章 其它43目录 汉英对照 ContentsContents II 下册目录第一章 荷载与作用44Chapter 1 Loads and Action44第二章 抗震设计51Chapter 2 Seismic Design51第三章 地基基础57Chapter 3 Foundation57第四章 钢筋混凝土结构66Chapter 4 Reinforcement Concrete66第五章 钢结构72Chapter 5 Steel Structure72第六章 组合结构81Chapter 6 Composite Structure81第七章 砌体结构84Cha

3、pter 7 Masonry Structure84第八章 其它86Chapter 8 Others86Chapter 1 Loads and Action 第一章 荷载与作用上 册Chapter 1 Loads and Action第一章 荷载与作用accidental combination偶然组合accidental load偶然荷载action作用apartment公寓arched roof拱形屋面area projected on a horizontal plane水平投影面ash load积灰荷载attic阁楼balcony阳台ballroom/ dance hall舞厅basi

4、c load combination基本荷载组合basic variable基本变量basic wind speed基本风速boundary condition边界条件boundary layer边界层cab驾驶室（吊车）canopy雨棚cantilever member悬挑构件cantilever slab悬臂板case工况catwalk马道characteristic value/nominal value/standard value标准值characteristic/nominal combination标准组合cladding system围护系统coefficient of the

5、rmal expansion温度膨胀系数column effective length柱有效长度combination value组合值comply with requirement of Chinese code满足中国规范要求concentrated load集中荷载concentration of plastic deformation塑性变形集中construction and maintenance load施工和检修荷载construction load施工荷载construction sequence施工顺序control room控制室corner转角，角部corridor走廊

6、crane load吊车荷载crane wheel load吊车轮压dead load恒载dead-load-resisting moment恒载产生的弯矩deformed position变形后位置degree of reliability可靠度density密度design reference period设计基准期design situation设计状况design value设计值design value of a load荷载设计值design working life设计使用年限determinate structure静定结构diaphragm stiffness楼板刚度diff

7、erential settlement不均匀沉降distribution factor of snow pressure 屋面积雪分布系数double span double pitched roof双跨双坡屋面during service life使用期间dynamic analysis动力分析dynamic coefficient动力系数earthquake action地震作用eave屋檐/挑檐edge beam边梁edge column边柱elasticity modulus 弹性模量electric hoist电动葫芦element check构件校核enclosed structu

8、re封闭式结构energy能量equibrium equation平衡方程equivalent uniform live load等效均布活荷载expansion膨胀exposure category地面粗糙度类别（美）exposure factor for wind pressure风压高度变化系数（美）field experiment现场试验fire escape防火楼梯first mode第一振型fixed seats固定座位flat roof平屋顶flexible lifting hook软钩吊车floor live load楼面活荷载fluid pressure流体压力fractil

9、e分位值frequent combinations频遇组合frequent value频遇值fundamental combination基本组合gable山墙garage车库geometrical parameter几何参数gradient height梯度风高度gust阵风gust factor coefficient阵风系数gymnasium健身房hand-geared bridge crane手动吊车handrail栏杆，扶手hard lifting hook硬钩吊车height variation factor of wind pressure风压高度变化系数height-to-wi

10、dth ratio高宽比heliport直升飞机平台horizontal component水平分量horizontal load水平荷载horizontal load on railing栏杆水平荷载hydrostatic uplift load水浮力impact factor冲击系数impact load冲击荷载importance factor重要性系数indeterminate structure超静定结构interpolation内插值法laboratory实验室large(long)-span structure大跨结构lateral force on crane runaway

11、beam吊车横向水平荷载lateral load侧向力leeward背风面lifted load吊重limit state极限状态live load活荷载load code for the design of building structures建筑结构荷载规范load combination荷载组合load combination coefficient荷载组合系数load effect荷载效应lobby大厅local area局部部位local load局部荷载longitudinal force on crane runaway beam 吊车纵向水平荷载long-term defle

12、ction长期变形magnification factor of wind fluctuation脉动增大系数manned roof上人屋面mass质量material property材料性能maximum wheel load最大轮压mean roof height平均屋面高度minimum potential energy principle最小势能原理mode superposition振型叠加法mountainous region山区movable seats活动座位multi degree-of-freedom system多自由度体系multi-defense system多道设

13、防体系occupancy category房屋类别office building办公楼on adjacent span相邻跨on alternate span隔跨on the entire span满跨on the half span半跨open-frame tower敞开式塔架operating load操作荷载operating room手术室overturning倾覆overturning moment倾覆弯矩parapet wall女儿墙partial safety factor for loads荷载分项系数partially enclosed structure半敞开式结构part

14、ition load隔墙荷载passenger vehicle客车patient room病房performance function功能函数period for no.1第一周期period reduction factor周期折减系数permanent action（load）永久作用（荷载）permanent load永久荷载permanent partition固定隔墙pitched roof坡屋顶，斜屋面place of public assembly人口密集处plant厂房platform看台Poissons ratio泊松比pond load积水荷载portable partit

15、ion可移动隔墙primary load-resisting system主要承重体系probability distribution概率分布probability of failure失效概率purlin檩条quasi-permanent combinations准永久组合quasi-permanent value准永久值rated capacity 额定起重量（吊车）reading room阅览室recurrence interval重现期reducing coefficient of live load活荷载折减系数reduction of live load活荷载折减reference

16、 snow pressure基本雪压reference wind pressure基本风压reliability可靠性reliability index可靠指标repeated service load反复荷载representative value 代表值representative value of a load荷载代表值representative value of gravity load重力荷载代表值residential住宅resistance抗力ridge屋脊roof garden屋顶花园roof live load屋面活荷载roof slope屋面坡度safety catego

17、ry安全等级saw-toothed roof锯齿形屋面scaffolding脚手架self-straining force自应力荷载serviceablility limit state正常使用极限状态shape factor of wind load 风荷载体形系数shear modulus剪切模量single degree-of-freedom system单自由度体系single span monopitched roof单跨单坡屋面skylight天窗sliding滑移snow load雪荷载soil pressure土压力stack room书库stage舞台stair楼梯stair

18、 tread踏步板statistical data统计资料statistical parameter统计参数steel rail钢轨，轨道stiffness刚度stiffness enlargement factor for middle-span beam中梁刚度放大系数stiffness restraint of backfill soil to basement回填土对地下室约束的相对刚度storey drift层间位移strain energy应变能stress-strain relationship应力应变关系strong shear weak bending强剪弱弯suburban

19、 area城市郊区take-off weight起飞重量temporary partition临时隔墙terrain roughness地面粗糙度the most critical combination最不利组合the most critical effect最不利效应the worst case最不利情况theatre剧院time history analysis时程分析transverse traveling load横向行驶的荷载（吊车）tributary area从属面积trolley小车（吊车）tunnel test风洞试验ultimate limit state承载能力极限状态u

20、nbalanced accumulation不均匀堆积unenclosed structure敞开式结构unmanned roof不上人屋面urban area城市市区variable action（load）可变作用（荷载）variational principal变分原理vertical component竖向分量vertical element竖向构件vertical load竖向荷载virtual work虚功wind fluctuation factor脉动影响系数wind fluttering factor风振系数wind load 风荷载wind shield挡风板wind-ex

21、cited oscillation风致振动windward 迎风面work功working grade工作级别（吊车）42上册英汉对照Chapter 2 Seismic Design 第二章 抗震设计Chapter 2 Seismic Design第二章 抗震设计accidental eccentricity偶然偏心additional bending moment附加弯矩additional damping附加阻尼additional seismic action factors at top of the building 顶部附加地震作用系数allowable value of drif

22、t angle层间位移角限值amplifying factor for elaso-plastic story drift弹塑性层间位移放大系数artificial acceleration time-history curve人工模拟加速度时程曲线avalanche崩塌axial-force-ratio轴压比backing bar垫板base shear force底部剪力base shear method基底剪力法bearing wall承重墙boundary of slope边坡边缘brittle mode of failure脆性破坏buried depth埋置深度cast-in-si

23、tu concrete floor现浇混凝土楼板center of mass质量中心center of rigidity刚度中心circular natural frequency自振圆频率code for seismic design of buildings建筑抗震设计规范compaction method加密法composite floor with fluted plate压型钢板钢筋混凝土组合楼板compound hoop复合箍筋compound or continuous compound rectangular spiral hoop复合或连续复合矩形螺旋箍concentrica

24、lly braced frame中心支撑框架confining boundary element约束边缘构件core column芯柱corner column角柱coupled torsion method扭转藕联方法coupling beam连梁critical damping临界阻尼crosswise brace交叉支撑damped free vibration有阻尼自由振动damping ratio阻尼比deformations predominantly due to shear剪切变形为主design basic acceleration of ground motion设计基本地

25、震加速度design characteristic period of ground motion设计特征周期design earthquake groups设计地震分组design parameters of ground motion设计地震动参数detail of seismic design抗震构造措施diaphragm discontinuity楼面不连续discontinuity in bearing capacity承载力突变discontinuity in vertical anti-lateral-force members竖向抗侧力构件不连续displacement-rel

26、evant type位移相关型dog-bone connection狗骨节点double plate贴板double-limb coupling wall双肢抗震墙ductility延性dynamic characteristics 动力特性earthquake action地震作用eccentrically braced frame偏心支撑框架elasto-plastic deformation analysis 弹塑性变形分析elato-plasic time-history analyzing method弹塑性时程分析end-column端柱energy-dissipating bea

27、m segment 耗能梁段energy-dissipating component耗能构件equivalent static lateral force等效侧向静力荷载equivalent viscous damping ratio等效粘滞阻尼比expansion joint/contraction joint伸缩缝favorable/unfavorable/hazardous seismic fortification plats有利/不利/危险地段fixing location嵌固部位frame structure框架结构frame-brace框架-支撑frame-core-tube s

28、tructure框架-核心筒结构framed tube框架-筒体frame-support wall structure部分框支抗震墙结构frame-wall structure框架-抗震墙结构frequently earthquake多遇地震full penetration butt welds完全熔透坡口焊geotechnical stability岩土地震的稳定性grade 1/2/3 framed structure1/2/3级框架grade 1/2/3 wall1/2/3级抗震墙grade of liquefaction液化等级gravity additional bending m

29、oment重力附加弯矩great frame巨型框架ground subsidence震陷height-width ratio高宽比hidden column暗柱hidden-beam暗梁horizontal brace水平支撑horizontal seismic influence coefficient水平地震影响系数horizontal transmission member水平转换构件inverted-v shape brace人字支撑isolation joint抗震缝joint-panel shear deformation 节点域剪切变形k-shape braceK型支撑land

30、slide滑坡lateral braced point 侧向支承点lateral displacement(sway) stiffness侧移刚度lateral-force-resisting system抗侧力体系limit value of elaso-plastic story drift rotation弹塑性层间位移角限值limit value of elastic story drift rotation弹性层间位移角限值linear static/dynamic analyzing method线性静/动力分析方法liquefaction液化liquefaction index液

31、化指数liquefaction mitigation measure抗液化措施liquefaction subsoil液化地基lonely tall hill高耸孤立的山丘long-cantilevered structure长悬臂结构longitudinal wall纵墙lumped mass集中质量major earthquake大震maximum pressure on foundation bottom基底最大压力maximum ratio of total height to total width最大高宽比mean pressure on foundation bottom基底平均

32、压力mechanic model力学模型mode 振型、模态mode participation factor振型参与系数moment resisting frame框架non-liquefaction不液化non-rocky steep slope非岩石的陡坡oblique direction lateral-force-resisting member斜交抗侧力构件ordinary boundary element构造边缘构件ordinary braced frame普通支撑框架ordinary hoop普通箍筋overlaying depth覆盖层厚度parapet without an

33、chorage无锚固女儿墙partial factor for horizontal seismic action水平地震作用分项系数partial factor for vertical seismic action竖向地震作用分项系数peak ground acceleration地面加速度峰值plastic hinge塑性铰polar moment of inertial极惯性矩pre-cast floor/roof装配式楼盖/屋面prefabricated concrete roof/floor预制楼盖/屋盖probability of exceedence超越概率rarely ear

34、thquake罕遇地震recurrence interval重现周期reduction factor for the liquefaction effect of soil layer土层液化影响折减系数reentrance corners irregularity凹凸不规则reentrant corner凹角regular seismic building规则抗震建筑reinforced concrete spandrel girder钢筋混凝土托墙梁reinforced concrete wall plane with hidden steel brace内藏钢支撑钢筋混凝土墙板reinf

35、orced concrete wall plane with vertical separators带竖缝钢筋混凝土墙板representative value of gravity重力荷载代表值response spectrum反应谱response spectrum method for modal analysis振型分解反应谱法restoring-force characteristic model恢复力模型retaining wall抗撞墙rigid base刚性地基rigid/semi-rigid/flexible diaphragm刚性/半刚性/柔性隔板river bank河岸r

36、ubber isolator unit橡胶隔震单元saturated sand饱和砂土saturated silt饱和粘土secant stiffness割线刚度secondary effect of gravitation重力二阶效应seismic adjusting factor for loading capacity承载力抗震调整系数seismic capacity for the nodes of frame框架节点核心区地震承载力seismic concept design of buildings建筑抗震概念设计seismic detail requirement抗震构造要求se

37、ismic fortification category抗震设防类别seismic fortification criterion抗震设防标准seismic fortification intensity抗震设防烈度seismic fortification measures抗震措施seismic multiple-defense lines多道抗震防线seismic overturning moment地震倾覆弯矩seismic shear factor value of floor level楼层地震剪力系数seismic shear force 地震剪力seismic soil bear

38、ing capacity 地基抗震承载力seismically isolated隔震的settlement caused by liquefaction液化沉陷settlement joint沉降缝shear-wave velocity of soil剪切波速single diagonal brace单斜杆支撑site场地site-classes 场地类别slab-column-structural wall structure板柱-抗震墙结构soft subsoil软土地基special concentrically braced frame特殊中心支撑框架speed linear rele

39、vant type速度线性相关型speed non-linear relevant type速度非线性相关型spiral hoop螺旋箍stiffness irregularity侧向刚度不规则story displacement楼层位移story strengthening with outrigger member加强层story yield strength coefficient楼层屈服强度系数strength reducing factor under cycling load受循环荷载时强度降低系数stress concentration应力集中strip-protruding s

40、pur条状突出的山嘴strong-column/weak-beam强柱弱梁supporting-column框支柱the adjusting factor of slope for the linear decrease section直线下降段的下降斜率调整系数the damping adjustment factor阻尼调整系数the horizontal dynamic stiffness水平动刚度the minimum hoop characteristic最小配箍率特征值the natural vibration period自振周期the power index of the cu

41、rvilinear decrease section曲线下降段的衰减指数the spacing of hoops箍筋间距the ultimate shear capacity of a bolt一个螺栓的极限受剪承载力the yield capacity for the joint-panel of beam and column 梁柱节点区域屈服承载力tie column构造柱torsion effect扭转效应torsional irregularity扭转不规则transference story转换层transverse wall横墙truss tube桁架-筒体tube in tub

42、e structure筒中筒结构tubes束筒vertical and lateral distribution web reinforcement竖向和横向分布钢筋(抗震墙)vertical seismic action竖向地震作用vertical seismic influence coefficient竖向地震影响系数volumetric ratio of hoop reinforcement体积配箍率wall structure抗震墙结构weak region of seismic building抗震建筑薄弱部位weak story薄弱层Chapter 3 Foundation 第三章 地基基础Chapter 3 Foundation 第三章 地基基础a under-reamed cast-in-situ pile扩底灌注桩a weak underlying stratum软弱下卧层active earth pressure主动土压力adjacent excavation相邻基坑adjac