1、一、 引 言在英语教学中,开展英语短剧表演,不仅能够激发学生学习兴趣,调动学生学习积极性,提高学生的听说能力,而且可以培养学生的自主学习能力,丰富第二课堂。英语短剧表演是英语教学重要方法之一。英语短剧表演是指对某些对话、短文、小说、故事、寓言、新闻甚至电视、电影等进行改编,在课堂上用表演的形式展示出来。学生通过小组活动,对英语短剧进行编写、排练、表演,最后进行师生评价。这种教学方法以学生为中心,充分发挥学生英语学习的积极性和主动性。英语短剧表演给学生带来真实、恰当、令人惬意的思想交流和情感交流,给他们带来了在平常英语语言课堂里所欠缺的语言实践活动。不仅延伸了学生英语学习的时间和空间,又很大程度
2、的激发了学生继续学习的兴趣。同时,这样的活动赋予教师全方位的教学策略,给他们的课堂教学创造以学生为主的活动提供了一个宽泛的选择,因而也提高了英语教学的效益。 二、英语短剧表演的意义1.激发学生学习兴趣,调动学生学习积极性 人们常说:兴趣是最好的老师,随着英语学习内容的增加,知识难度的增大,很多学生对学习英语产生了畏惧情绪,失去了学习的兴趣。面对这种情况,教师不仅利用多种教学方法,如对话、复述、背诵、看图说话等;而且采用多种教学手段,如:录音机、语言实验室等教学方式,不断摸索提高学习英语兴趣的方法和途径,但都无法阻止大多数学生对学习英语兴趣的衰退。然而,英语短剧教学方式的出现,情景就截然不同了。
3、英语短剧的表演激发了学生学习英语的兴趣,调动了学生学习英语的积极性, 活跃了课堂气氛,调节了学生学习的压力,帮助学生克服胆怯的心理、培养学生的参与意识、合作精神和领导能力,并且能充分调动学生的课内外学习英语的主动性和积极性。 2.提高学生听说能力 目前大学英语听力和口语教学中的确存在不少缺憾,比如教材老化,教学方式单调等。在大学英语听说课中,教师往往让学生听几篇文章,做几个对话,讨论几个问题就匆匆了事。长此以往,不仅减退学生学习英语的积极性,学生的听说水平也无法有效提高。而采用英语短剧可以将大量的情景应用语言,让学生听、说、背,熟能生巧, 然后通过面部表情、神态、动作、语调的抑扬顿挫以表演的方
4、式展现出来。英语短剧表演不但实现了语言形式与内容的结合,延伸了语言学习的时间与空间,将语言的范畴从有声文字拓展到了肢体、情感、技术等领域,而且还是实现英语交互性教学的重要手段,学生沉浸在短剧创设的语言情境中大胆地实现语言对话,极大地提高了英语语言的听说能力。 3.培养学生自主学习能力, 丰富第二课堂 教师要求学生在课下编写英语短剧,鼓励他们编排英语短剧进行表演,这发展了学生的认知策略。在准备表演的前几天或前一周,小组成员积极上网或去图书馆挑选适合表演的材料,刺激了学生的学习策略。学生课下自行认真编写、翻译短剧,一起交流、探讨、解决问题,在准备期间,逐渐树立信心,达到“独立地获取信息和资料,并能
5、加以整理、分析、归纳和总结的目标。从表演前的策划到之后的实施,直至完成表演后的自评、互评,这些均促进学生更多自觉应用调控策略。学生在学习英语短剧表演的过程中不断参与交互式的合作训练,体验进步与成功,认识自我,建立自信。从而,学生由被动学习转为主动学习,充分调动了学生的主观能动性,这不仅增强了学生自主学习能力,也丰富了英语第二课堂。 三、英语短剧表演的理论依据建构主义认为,学生是信息加工的主体、是意义的主动建构者,而不是外部刺激的被动接受者和被灌输的对象。建构主义还认为,知识不是通过教师传授得到,而是学习者在一定的情境即社会文化背景下,借助其他人的帮助,利用必要的学习资料,通过意义建构的方式而获
6、得。由于学习是在一定的情境即社会文化背景下,借助其他人的帮助即通过人际间的协作活动而实现的意义建构过程,因此建构主义学习理论认为“情境”“、协作”“、会话”和“意义建构”是学习环境中的四大要素。英文短剧是戏剧的一种,集演员艺术、音乐、语言和舞蹈于一体,语言主要以口语为主,通过舞台说明、台词及人物表演来体现人物性格和塑造人物形象。故事情节的展开、高潮与结局则主要体现在人物的对白和表演里。英语短剧表演作为传统教学模式的补充方式,通过环境布置、教具学具的使用以及多种教学活动的组织等,虚拟英语学习的“情境”,利用同伴间的“协作”和“会话”,激发学生的学习兴趣,为学生的英语学习提供了较为充分的情境刺激和
7、认知引导,提高了学生英语学习的效益,最终完成“意义建构”。 四、英语短剧表演在教学中的应用1.操作过程 教师可以将全班分成四人或六人一组,每组选派一名负责人带领大家共同编写剧本,进行排练,并准备好表演道具。每次上课前各小组轮流上台表演,每组负责人上前把剧本中的生词和短语写在黑板上。轮到小组表演时,学生声音要响亮,发音正确,脱稿表演,每组表演5到10分钟。表演结束时,学生和教师针对学生的语音、内容和技巧等进行及时评价。之后,各组整理剧本,递交带有封面设计的剧本。这种方法训练了学生写作能力和绘画能力。表演当天对学生的表演给予终结性评估打分,使他们体验到成功的快乐。 2. 教师角色 教师是英语学习活
8、动的参与者、指导者和评价者。在学生准备表演的过程中,教师提供知识平台,指导和帮助学生主动参与,亲身实践和合作探究。同时培养学生搜索和处理信息的能力、自己获取新知识的能力、分析解决问题的能力以及交流与合作的能力。在这过程中,教师不再只是“知识的传授者,而是科学的设计者,活动的指导者,过程的参与者,解决问题的帮助者和评价者”。教师适时启发学生,与学生共同探讨问题。学生在课堂表演的时候,教师掌控课堂,处理学生在表演过程中的突发事情,以确保表演顺利进行。在学生表演后,教师是重要的评价者。教师指出这次表演中学生的优缺点,帮助学生更好地进行自评、互评,以取得下次更大的进步。这样师生之间建立了平等和谐的关系
9、,建立起“学习共同体”。 3.评价 评价可分为形成性评价和终结性评价。形成性评价可分为学生自评,学生间的互评和教师对学生的评价。学生表演结束后,教师应对其表演进行及时评价,同时让其他学生发表评论,参与评价,培养学生的参与意识和鉴赏能力;教师也可以根据学生表演时记录下的细节对学生的语音、语调、动作、创造性、句型、使用的丰富性等进行评价。教师在对学生的英语短剧的表演进行评价时,评价的语言要热情,要选择带有鼓励性的语言,对学生不足的地方应以建议的方式提出来,激发学生的表演兴趣,从而培养学生的学习兴趣。 五、结语英文短剧表演在教学活动中起到了重要的作用。英语短剧表演使课堂气氛活跃、轻松、自然、有趣,拉
10、近师生之间的距离,“以学生为中心”,充分发挥学生的创新能力,激发学生的参与热情,培养了学生自主学习能力。英语短剧表演作为英语教学的辅助手段,让学生在轻松愉快的气氛中学到了语言知识,提高了语言运用能力。 49英语短剧表演评价表DateClassGrade表演人员评 价 细 则优差:10分3分1学生表演对话语速适中。2学生表演动作到位。3学生表演声音响亮。4语音准确。5剧本有创意。6配置导具。7能体验合作精神。8情境分明。9表情逼真。 个人总分团体总分Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf第一场:(播放背景乐:喜羊羊和灰太狼) (小天使和五位演员上台亮相,小天使介绍角色,介绍
11、到谁谁就做动作展示一下自己。) Angle:On the beautiful green meadow, lives Pleasant Goat(招牌动作), Fat Goat(睡觉状), Beauty Goat(I am pretty, right?), Grey Wolf(阴笑), Red wolf(嘻笑). (五个角色迅速下场,拿上棍子对峙状,上场)Angle:The wolves use their brains every day, and try to catch these goats. So a long battle between the goats and the wol
12、ves begins.(大家定格亮相,从两边下场。)第二场:(红太狼从狼堡出来,在水果树下照镜子,抹口红,臭美样子。灰太狼在狼堡口抬箱子。)Grey Wolf:Honey, can you carry the box for me? (红太狼不情愿)Red Wolf:What do you want to do? Grey Wolf:I want to put the box under the tree. Then I can pick some fruit for our lunch. Red Wolf:Oh, I cant eat the goats! I can only eat th
13、e fruit. Grey Wolf:Ready? One, two .(灰太狼和红太狼抬着箱子走几步后,红太狼猛得把箱子一扔,砸到了灰太狼的手指)Grey Wolf:Oh, my fingers!Red Wolf:Why dont you catch the goats? Youre busy all days. But I cant eat a bite of the goat. Now, go, get me a goat. Im starving now. (灰太狼忙跳上树,摘了一个果子,赶紧捧着送到红太狼的嘴边)Grey Wolf:Honey, heres some fruit. H
14、ow delicious! You have some fruit first. I go to catch the goats for you at once. Believe me! (红太狼不情愿,但又无可奈何)Red Wolf:I am not a goat but a wolf. I want goats. (摸摸自己的肚子,做饿状。吃了果子。结果吃完之后就晕过去。)(灰太狼大声哭泣)Grey Wolf:Honey, whats wrong with you? (从天上飘进来一个美丽的小天使。)Angle:Grey Wolf, you know? You did lots of ba
15、d things. God must punish you. You should do some good things for the goats, or your wife cant be awake. (灰太狼立刻擦干眼泪,对她深情款款地)Grey Wolf:Oh, I see. Wait for me, honey, I can save you. (灰太狼把红太狼推回狼堡,并且背上包往羊村跑去)第三场:(几只小羊在玩球)Pleasant Goat:Catch! Beauty Goat.(喜羊羊传给美羊羊,美羊羊又扔给懒羊羊)Beauty Goat:Catch! Fat Goat.(
16、球砸到了懒羊羊)Fat Goat:Im tired. Let me have a rest. I want to sleep.(球滚走了,喜羊羊去捡球,看见灰太狼从远处跑过来。)Pleasant Goat:Look, Grey Wolf is coming. Run, quickly, run.(小羊们大叫):“Run, go, run!”Grey Wolf:Dont be afraid. Dont run, dear goats, I want to be your friend. (喜羊羊叫住大家)Pleasant Goat:Stop! Stop, wait a moment. What?
17、 You want to be our friend? You dont want to eat us, right? Grey Wolf:Yes, now I want to try my best to help you. Believe me! I beg you. (小羊们相互看看,不太相信的表情)Pleasant Goat:Really? Beauty Goat:I dont know. Fat Goat:Oh, Im sleepy. You discuss it. I want to sleep.Grey Wolf:To express my sincerity, I bring
18、some presents for you. (拿出丝巾)Grey Wolf:This is a beautiful scarf. Its for you, Beauty Goat. Beauty Goat:Thanks a lot. (美羊羊高兴地戴了起来)Beauty Goat:Wow, how nice! Its from Grey Wolf and Red Wolf, I cant believe it. (戴好后,向前一步走)Grey Wolf:Look, am I pretty? I am very happy.(边唱边跳起舞来。配音乐If you are happy做美丽造型!)
19、 (灰太狼又拿出一盒巧克力)Grey Wolf:This box of chocolate is for Fat Goat. But hes asleep. Maybe I can give it to . (懒羊羊立马跳起来了)Fat Goat:Oh, Im here. Im awake. Chocolate is my favourite food. (懒羊羊夺过巧克力就跑出去吃了)(边跑边舔嘴唇)Fat Goat:I go out to eat them. Wow, chocolate! Pleasant Goat:He likes eating best. He always forg
20、ets to sleep when he has something to eat. Beauty Goat:Yes!Pleasant Goat:Grey Wolf, what do you mean? Be our friend? If you want to do something for us, you can wash clothes for us. Grey Wolf:Im very glad to do that. Where are the clothes?Pleasant Goat:Beauty Goat!Beauty Goat:I am coming. Here you a
21、re, Grey Wolf. Thank you. (灰太狼立刻把衣服整理一下,坐下来洗了。)(配上喜涮涮的音乐。)Grey Wolf:Pleasant Goat, Beauty Goat, Fat Goat. (三只羊跑过来)Grey Wolf:What else can I do for you?Beauty Goat:Clean the house for us. Lets go on playing.(灰太狼又擦窗户,扫地,烧好了饭菜。)(懒羊羊寻着饭菜的味道走了过去,吃了起来。又把喜羊羊和美羊羊喊过来。)Fat Goat:Wow, delicious food. How delici
22、ous! Pleasant Goat, Beauty Goat.Beauty Goat:Thank you for your help.Pleasant Goat:We can be friends, I m very happy. Grey Wolf:I am happy, too. I just want to help my wife.(立刻捂着嘴巴,怕被喜羊羊他们听出来。)第四场:Pleasant Goat:Dont be happy now. I dont think Grey Wolf is good. He must have some plots.Beauty Goat:We
23、must be careful. Pleasant Goat:Yes, we must get ready for it. Fat Goat:Youre right. Maybe hell come back and catch us after a while. Beauty Goat:What should we do now? (做害怕状)Pleasant Goat:We can set up a trap for the Grey Wolf at once. Beauty Goat:Good idea. Lets do it at once. (说着就到在门口摆放了若干个弹簧夹,并且用
24、草遮盖好,然后躲在一边等着。)第五场:(灰太狼跑回了家,发现老婆醒了,他开心极了)Grey Wolf:Oh, Honey, you are awake. I dont think you can be awake. Oh, Im very lucky.(可是老婆一看见他就拿着个锅打他)Red Wolf:Why dont you catch the little goats? (灰太狼立马来了精神立刻跑出去抓羊)Grey Wolf:Yes, honey. I must take the goats back this time. Wait for me!(他一路大跑,结果在门口被大夹子夹处手脚,
25、疼得他大叫着往回跑,)Grey Wolf:Oh, my God, I must come back again.(小羊们高高兴兴地从旁边跑出来,欢呼胜利。)(配主题音乐)Goats:Grey Wolf has run away. We win!(小天使飘出来)Angle:Bad deeds, as well as good, may rebound upon the doer. Remember: Never be weary of well doing, our dear friends. (所有演员上台谢幕,手拉手“Thank you.”)成长的烦恼女儿:S父亲:F母亲:M场景1:S:Mo
26、rning mom.M: moruing dear.M:Why dont you sit down and eat your breakfast?S:ok.M:Did you finish your homework dear?S:yesM:Did you brush your teeth?S:mom,I havent finished eating breakfast yet.Ill brush my teeth when Im down.M:Sandy,Whats wrong with you arm?S:nothing.M:Come here. Let me see. Sandy, yo
27、u have tattoos?S:No! this is a picture I was draw. Look! Clean! not really tattoos.M:Sandy, Im sure its not good for you. Ive seen other teenagers walking around town with tattoos and prercings all over their bodies. They are not good students.I cant believe you have same with them.S:mom, its so coo
28、l in our school.My peers say the tattoos is very beautiful,and I think its art.M:Tattoos is art?my god. Now, I dont have time to talk with you.Im late,Ive got to go.Tonight we must havefamily meeting to discuss your mind,its the biggest problem with you.S:Whats wrong with my mind?You dont understand
29、 me!(S:照镜子,听音乐,打电话)场景2:F:Sandy,Why dont you go to school?S:Im free this morning.F:You always take a phone with your friend.Its waste too much time for youself,and you never talk about study, your topic usually about makeup,music,chothing and Whats cool.S:(对电话里说)call me later Dad,Im fifteen.I have my
30、 mind.Im old enough to make a decision with my time andwhat should I do.Im not a baby!F:Im not agree with you.we should discuss about you.S:Oh.again. Why do you baffle me?F:What?S:Nothing.(S: Hello,yes!Im free.ok,see you later.)场景3:M:I think arm with tattoos is terriable.Is so danger that you cant c
31、hange your mind.F:But the tattoos not ture,(S:点头)too much phone is the biggest problem.M:Dear,she is not alone,she want communicate with each other is good.F:Phone waste too much time!S:Now, the biggest problem is quarrel,not me. Go, Go, Go, lets go !T:唐僧 S:孙悟空 3:三个徒弟 B:白骨精 SHA:沙僧 ZHU:八戒放西游记音乐,唐僧师徒出
32、场S: Master,where shall we go?T:To the west,go ,go, go! 3:Lets go .走着走着S:Master,are you hungry?T: Yeah, I am hungry.S:I will get some food for you ! Waiting for me.T点点头 SHA&ZHU: OK! See you later byebye!白骨精化装成一个美女出场B:Oh, my God! Its Tangseng. Wongderful.白骨精提着一个篮子走近唐僧B:Master,are you hungry? 递给唐僧篮子B:H
33、ere you are ! Enjoy yourself!这时候,孙悟空回来了S:NO Master, Its a demon .孙悟空把金箍棒狠狠地敲向白骨精,白骨精躯体死了,灵魂飞走T:NoYou ,you,you.唐僧开始念紧箍咒,孙悟空非常痛苦地捂着头S:Master,master, I never do it again. I never do it again.SHA&ZHU:Master ,Master ,stop,please!唐僧停止念咒语,生气地转身对着天空说阿弥陀佛,然后转身对着徒儿们T:Go go go3: Lets go!走着走着,白骨精化妆成老太太来啦。B:Son,
34、 my sonWhere is my son? Where is my son?白骨精走向唐僧。正当唐僧开口问什么事儿的时候,孙悟空又发现她是白骨精T:Whats wrong?S: Master, its a demon.孙悟空又狠狠地敲来一棒,八戒和沙僧都吓了一跳。白骨精老太被敲死来,她的灵魂飞走了。T:Monkey,you are a bad boy.唐僧又开始念紧箍咒。孙悟空疼痛难忍。猪八戒也认为悟空伤害无辜,只有沙僧相信悟空。ZHU: I can not help you.唐僧念了很久的紧箍咒,孙悟空快晕倒了。沙僧狠狠地跪倒地上,请求唐僧原谅悟空。SHA:Master,stop,ple
35、ase. Stop.唐僧见悟空的确疼痛难忍便停了下来。T:This is the last time. Go go go.3: Lets go.走着走着,白骨精变成个老头子来啦B:My wife ,where is my wife?唐僧向其走去。正当要拉住老头子的手时。孙悟空又发现她是白骨精。S:Demon. I will kill you. 悟空狠狠地敲了一棒。白骨精老头又死了。灵魂又飘走了。唐僧非常地生气。T:E mi tuo fo ! Monkey,you go away.Go away. 悟空很无赖地看着师傅,但是师傅很鉴定地让他走。T:Go . Go away! Go away悟空也
36、觉得自己很委屈,便让师傅给他取下头上的紧箍才走S: OK, I will go. But get this dowm. 悟空指着头上的紧箍。要求师傅给他取下。T:I can not.S: So ,I will not go away!唐僧感到非常的无赖,叹口气,念着阿弥陀佛,无赖地盯着悟空。T:Go go go .3: Lets go.小红帽Little Red Riding Hood 第一场:Little Red Riding Hood家 Mum: (妈妈拿着一个篮子,把桌子上的水果放在篮子里) Little Red Riding Hood:(唱着歌,欢快地跑进来)Hi,mummy, wha
37、t are you doing? Mum: (一边把水果放在篮子里,心事重重地说)Grandma is ill. Here are some apples and bananas for Grandma. Take them to Grandma. Little Red Riding Hood:(边提起篮子,边点头说)Ok! Mum: (亲切地看着Little Red Riding Hood说) Be good. Be careful. Little Red Riding Hood: Yes ,mummyGoodbye, mummy. Mum: Bye-bye. Darling. 第二场:在路
38、上 (一阵轻快的音乐由远而近,Little Red Riding Hood挎着篮子蹦跳跳地跳到花草旁) Little Red Riding Hood: Wow!Flowers, how beautiful! (放下篮子采花)One flower ,two flowers, three flowers. Wolf:(随着一阵低沉的音乐,Wolf大步地走上台)I am wolf. I am hungry. (做找东西状,东张西望) Here is a little red riding hood. Hi! Little Red Riding Hood. Where are you going? (
39、做狡猾的样子和Little Red Riding Hood打招呼) Little Red Riding Hood:(手摸辫子,天真地回答)To GrandmasGrandma is ill. Wolf:(自言自语)I ll eat Grandma. But(对Little Red Riding Hood说)Hey, look! 6 little baby ducks. Little Red Riding Hood:(和6只鸭子随着音乐翩翩起舞) Wolf:(悄悄地藏到大树后) Little Red Riding Hood:(停止跳舞)Hello! Baby ducks,how are you?
40、 Six Ducks:We re fineThank you Where are you going? Little Red Riding Hood:To GrandmasOh, I must go, bye. Six Ducks:Goodbye 第三场:Grandma家 Grandma: (喘着气出场,颤颤悠悠地走到床前,吃力地坐到床边,喘了几口,打几个哈欠,慢吞吞地躺倒在床上。) Wolf:(从树后出来,边走边说)I am very hungry now. (做找寻的样子)Where is Grandma s house? (高兴地对观众说)Aha , its here.(敲门)Bang,
41、 Bang, Bang Grandma: Who is it? Wolf:(装出Little Red Riding Hood的声音,一边得意地摇动尾巴,一边说)Its me. Little Red Riding Hood. Grandma: (边说边起床) Come in, come in. Wolf:(得意洋洋地走到床边) Grandma , Ill eat you. Grandma: (惊慌失措地抓紧衣服,瞪着眼睛,边叫迫从床上滚到地上) 灰狼把外婆吞到了肚子里。 Wolf:(得意地拍拍肚子,翘起大拇指)Yummy!Ill sleep. Little Red Riding Hood:(高兴
42、地敲门)GrandmaGrandma Wolf:(装扮成Grandma的声音) Who is it? Little Red Riding Hood:Its me。Little Red Riding Hood. What a strange noise! Wolf:Come in, Come in. Little Red Riding Hood:(蹦跳着进来,把篮子放在桌子上,走到床前一看,跳回几步)Oh! What are big ears! Wolf:I can listen to your sweet voice. Little Red Riding Hood:Wow! What a bi
43、g eyes! Wolf:I can see you pretty face. Little Red Riding Hood:Oh! What a big hand. Wolf:I can hug you. Little Red Riding Hood:(跪在床前,拉起Wolf的手,边摸边说)Look! What a big hands? Wolf:(从床上跳起来说)I can eat you! Little Red Riding Hood:(拼命地跑)Oh!No! No! Wolf:(追到Little Red Riding Hood,做吃状,拍拍肚子说)Its delicious. I st
44、ill sleep. I like sleeping. Hunter: (一边拿着枪,一边做寻找状出场)Wheres the wolf? Look! A door(推门)The wolf is sleeping. Wolf:(发出呼呼的响声) Hunter: (端起枪想打,又放下)What a big stomach! (摸摸Wolf的肚子)Grandma and Little Red Riding Hood are inside .I must be hurry(从桌子上拿起剪刀,举起) Look! Scissors. (做剪Wolf的肚子)Cut, cut, cut. Little Red
45、 Riding Hood/Grandma:Thank you Hunter: Grandma ,give me some needles and thread Little Riding Hood ,Give me some stones Grandma: (从桌子上拿来针线) Little Red Riding Hood:(搬来几个石头)One, two, three. Hunter: (把小石头装进Wolf的衣服里) Grandma: Ill thread it. Hunter: (拿起枪)Woke up! Wolf:(起床,两手托着大肚子)My stomach is so heavy. Hunter: You big bad wolf, raise your arms! Wolf:(边跑边说) H
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