初中英语语法精讲+精练 状语从句.docx

1、中考对状语从句的考查会和从属连词相结合，主要为在状语从句中考查从属连词的辨析及应用。常见的有although/though/even though引导的让步状语从句。if/unless引导的条件状语从句。until/when/while/as soon as引导的时间状语从句。because引导的原因状语从句，so that引导的目的状语从句等。if引导的条件状语从句和when引导的时间状语从句一般都会和时态相结合，即主要考查“主将从现”原则。对于状语从句的学习可与专题六从属连词相结合。在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句和从句的时态一致问题一般有两种情况：（1）“主将从现”：主句用一般将来时

2、，而从句用一般现在时。常见的使用“主将从现”原则的连词有：表示时间的when, while, after, before, until, till, whenever, as soon as, as long as, once 等；表示条件的if, unless, so long as, in case等。（2）“主祈从现”：若主句是祈使句，或主句中有情态动词时，那么从句用一般现在时表示将来。（3）“主情从现”：若主句有情态动词, 那么从句用一般现在时表示将来。如： You can get good grades if you study hard. 如果你努力学习，你将取得好成绩。1状语从句

3、的概述状语从句由从属连词引导,与主句连接,位于句首时,常用逗号与主句分开,位于句末时,其前一般不用逗号。状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、地点状语从句等。状语从句的分类从句的引导词例句时间状语从句when/while/as(当时),before(在之前),after(在之后),since(自从以来),notuntil(直到才),as soon as(一就)I was doing my homework when my father came in.当我爸爸进来的时候我正在做作业。He did not go

4、to bed until his father came back.直到爸爸回来他才上床睡觉。条件状语从句if(如果),as long as(只要),unless(除非)Unless bad weather stops me,I go for a walk every day.我每天都去散步,除非遇上坏天气。原因状语从句because(因为),since(既然),as(由于)I like to eat apples because theyre good for my health.我喜欢吃苹果,因为它们对我的健康有益。Since everyone is here,lets begin our

5、 meeting.既然每个人都在这儿,我们开始开会吧。目的状语从句so that(以便,为了),in order that(为了)He gets up early every morning so that he can get to school on time.他每天早上早起,以便能按时到校。结果状语从句so that(结果是),sothat/suchthat(如此以至于)Its so hot that nobody wants to go out.天太热,以至于没人想出去。让步状语从句though/although(尽管,虽然),even if(即使),whatever(无论什么),wh

6、erever(无论哪里),whenever(无论何时)Wherever you go,I will go with you.无论你去哪儿,我都跟着你。Whenever you come,I will wait for you.无论你什么时候来,我都会等你。比较状语从句than(比),asas(和一样),not as/soas(不如)He is as tall as Tom is.他和汤姆一样高。地点状语从句where(的地方),wherever(无论哪里)Sit wherever you like.请随便坐。2时间状语从句(1)当主句是一般将来时态或祈使句,表示将来的意义时,从句通常用一般现在

7、时,简称“主将从现”。Ill ring you up as soon as I get to Beijing.我一到北京就给你打电话。(2)when引导的时间状语从句,通常表示主句和从句的动作同时发生;before表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前;after则表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后;as引导时间状语从句时,往往表示主句和从句的动作同时发生,不分先后。(3)until/till引导的时间状语从句。主句的谓语动词是延续性动词时,主句用肯定形式,表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until/till所表示的时间为止。Ill wait for you till you come to see

8、me.我会一直等到你来看我。主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词时,用否定形式表示主句的动作直到until所表示的时间才发生。构成句式notuntil,有时不用not,而用其他如never,nothing等表否定意义的词。I didnt go to bed until I finished my homework.我直到完成作业才去睡觉。(4)since引导的时间状语从句,表示“自从以来”,主句用一般现在时或现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。I have worked in this school since I graduated from Beijing University.从北京大学毕业以后,我就

9、一直在这所学校工作。It is 10 years since I began to study English.我学英语十年了。3条件状语从句(1)主句为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。Ill visit the Great Wall if it doesnt rain tomorrow.如果明天不下雨,我将去游览长城。(2)如果if引导的条件状语从句所表示的前提或条件将来可以实现或正在进行,从句要用现在完成时或现在进行时,主句通常用一般将来时。We will give you a good price if you are thinking of buying it.如果你考虑买它,我们会给你

10、一个好价钱。(3)“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”中,祈使句在意义上相当于一个条件状语从句。Use your head,and youll find a way.=If you use your head,youll find a way.动动脑筋,你就会想出办法来。4原因状语从句(1)原因状语从句通常用because,since,as引导。由why提出的问题用because来回答。I did that because she told me to.是她让我做那件事我才做的。(2)如果状语从句所表示的原因是人们已知的事实,就要用since,而不用as或because。since在这里的意思是“

11、既然”。Since you cant answer the question,you can ask someone else for help.既然你不能回答这个问题,你可以找别人帮忙。5目的状语从句(1)引导目的状语从句的词或词组有so that,in order that 等,从句谓语中常含有may,might,can,could,will,would 等情态动词。He must get up early so that he can go to work on time.他必须早点起床,以便能按时上班。(2)当从句主语与主句主语一致时,可用so as to,in order to。He

12、 worked day and night in order that he could succeed.=He worked day and night in order to succeed.他夜以继日地工作为的是取得成功。6结果状语从句(1)由so.that,such.that 引导。so.that与such.that的区别:当名词前面有many或much修饰时,用so而不用such。She is such a lovely girl that we love her very much.=She is so lovely a girl that we love her very muc

13、h.她是一个如此可爱的女孩,以至于我们都很喜欢她。We have so much time that we can finish the work very well.我们有如此多的时间,以至于我们能很好地完成工作。(2)sothat句型的否定形式可用tooto或notenough to结构代替。He is so young that he cant go to school.=He is too young to go to school.=He is not old enough to go to school.他太小了不能去上练一练1.He could find the way home

14、he was only three years old.A.thoughB.becauseC.whereD.if【答案】A【解析】句意:尽管他只有三岁,但是他可以找到回家的路。本题考查连词的用法。A:尽管;B:因为;C:的地方;D:如果。由句意可知选A。2.Our business wont improvewe offer better services to our customers.A.becauseB.unlessC.afterD.since【答案】B【解析】句意:我们的生意不会改善,除非我们给顾客提供更好的服务。本题考查状语从句。A选项意思为“因为”;B选项意思为“除非”;C选项意思

15、为“在之后”;D选项意思为“自从以来”。生意的改善是以提供更好的服务为前提条件的,故用unless,表示条件,引导条件状语从句。3.Love your parentsthey are alive. Dont wait until it is too late.A.whileB.thoughC.becauseD.unless【答案】A【解析】句意:当你的父母还活着的时候,爱他们吧。不要等到太晚的时候(才去爱他们)。本题考查连词。while当时,引导时间状语从句;though尽管,引导让步状语从句;because因为,引导原因状语从句;unless除非,引导条件状语从句,相当于if not。爱父母

16、当然是要在父母在世的时候,用while引导时间状语从句,故选A项。4.Did you call Michael back?I didnt need to,Ill see him tomorrow.A.unlessB.becauseC.whenD.though【答案】B【解析】句意:你给Michael回电话了吗?不必了,因为明天我会见到他。本题考查连词。unless除非,如果不;because因为;when当时候;though虽然,尽管。根据句意可知,表因果关系用because,故选B项。5.The story isinterestingeverybody likes it very much.

17、A.very;thatB.so;thatC.such;thatD.such;because【答案】B【解析】句意:这个故事是如此有趣,以至于每个人都非常喜欢它。本题考查sothat引导的结果状语从句。根据第一个空后面的interesting一词可知,第一个空应填so,与that构成sothat结构,引导结果状语从句。故本题选择B。6.It was the middle of the nightthe sound of the piano woke me up.A.becauseB.ifC.whenD.although【答案】C【解析】句意:当钢琴声把我吵醒的时候已是半夜了。本题考查状语从句。b

18、ecause因为;if如果,是否;when 当的时候; although虽然。根据句意可知答案选择C7.we didnt win the basketball game, we were satisfied with our hard work.A.IfB.ThoughC.SinceD.Because【答案】B【解析】句意:虽然我们没赢得这场篮球赛,但是我们对我们的刻苦努力感到满意。本题考查状语从句。if如果;though虽然;since自从;because因为。根据句意可知选B。8.its a public holiday today, some firefighters in our ci

19、ty are still on duty.A.AlthoughB.OnceC.If【答案】A【解析】句意:今天虽然是一个公共假日, 但是我们市的一些消防员仍然在值班。本题考查让步状语从句。although虽然;once一旦;if如果。根据句意可知选A。9.My grandparents wrote letters to keep in touch with othersthey were young.A.whenB.sinceC.afterD.before【答案】A【解析】句意:我的祖父母年轻的时候写信和其他人保持联系。本题考查连词。when当的时候;since自从;after在之后;befo

20、re在之前。根据句意可知选A。10.Tony was drawing a pictureI was doing my homework.A.ifB.becauseC.whileD.until【答案】C【解析】句意:当我正在做作业的时候,托尼正在画画。此题考查连词。此题根据题干句意和时态判断出两个动作是同时进行的,故选引导时间状语从句的连词while,表示“当时”,强调一个动作正在发生的时候另一个动作也正在进行。11.Mr. Black walked around and offered helpwe were doing an experiment.A.whileB.althoughC.unt

21、ilD.unless【答案】A【解析】句意:布莱克先生在我们做实验的时候走来走去并提供帮助。本题考查状语从句。while当的时候;although尽管;until直到;unless除非。根据句意可知,应选择一个表示“当的时候”的词,故选A。12.We dont know the love of our parentswe become parents ourselves one day.A.untilB.afterC.whenD.since【答案】A【解析】句意:直到有一天我们自己成为父母,才能懂得我们父母的爱。本题考查连词。until直到为止;after在以后;when当的时候;since自

22、从。notuntil直到才,是固定搭配,故选A项。13.Our teachers have been with us for nearly three yearswe came to junior high school. We should thank them for what they have done for us.A.untilB.beforeC.since【答案】C【解析】句意:自从我们来到初中,我们的老师们已经陪伴我们将近三年了。我们应该感谢他们为我们所做的事情。本题考查连词的用法。根据句意和现在完成时态的固定句型“主句(现在完成时态)+since+从句(一般过去时态)”可知,

23、应该选择C项。until直到为止;before在以前。14.The students were singing happilyI passed the school hall.A.whenB.unlessC.though【答案】A【解析】句意:当我经过学校大厅时,学生们正在高兴地唱歌。本题考查从属连词。when意为“当时”;unless意为“除非”;though意为“尽管”。根据句意可知本题选择A。15.it is often cold in the mountains, you need to wear warm clothes.A.ThoughB.UnlessC.AsD.Until【答案】

24、C【解析】句意:由于山里的天气经常很冷,因此你需要穿保暖的衣服。本题考查从属连词的用法。though虽然,引导让步状语从句;unless除非,引导条件状语从句;as由于,引导原因状语从句;until直到,引导时间状语从句。根据题意可知,本题答案为C。16.Well stay at homeit rains tomorrow.A.andB.ifC.butD.so【答案】B【解析】句意:如果明天下雨我们就会待在家里。本题考查连词词义辨析。if意为“如果”。故选B项。17.The two companies decided to work togetherthey had common intere

25、st.A.becauseB.unlessC.butD.or【答案】A【解析】句意:因为这两家公司有共同的利益所以它们决定合作。本题考查状语从句。because意为“因为”;unless意为“除非,如果不”;but意为“但是”;or意为“或者,否则,要不然”。由句意可知本题选择A。18.Xiao Ming, youll be late for schoolyou hurry up.A.afterB.thoughC.unless【答案】C【解析】句意:肖明,如果不快点你就上学迟到了。本题考查状语从句。unless 如果不,符合句意。after 在之后;though 虽然。19.A stupid m

26、an tells a woman to shut up,while a wise man tells her that her mouth is quite beautifulit is closed.A.unlessB.sinceC.whenD.though【答案】C【解析】句意:愚蠢的男人告诉女人闭嘴,而聪明的男人会告诉她,在她闭着嘴的时候,她的嘴相当漂亮。本题考查连词的用法。unless除非;since既然,自从;when当的时候;though虽然。根据句意可知,when最合适。20.I am really proud of my groupwere always discussing

27、and sharing study secrets together. How important the group work is!A.becauseB.thoughC.unless【答案】A【解析】句意:我真的为我的小组感到自豪,因为我们总是一起讨论和分享学习的诀窍。小组讨论是多么重要啊!本题考查连词。because因为;though尽管;unless除非。根据句意可知答案为A项。21.I got home, my sister was doing her homework.A.WhenB.BecauseC.IfD.Though【答案】A【解析】句意:我到家时,我妹妹正在做作业。本题考查

28、状语从句。when 是“当时候”的意思。故选A。22.Our world will get better and bettereach of us lives a greener life.A.beforeB.ifC.thoughD.until【答案】B【解析】句意:如果我们每个人都过更环保的生活,我们的世界将会变得越来越好。本题考查连词。before在之前;if 如果;though尽管;until直到才。根据句意可知答案为B项。23.My family always go somewhere interestingthe holiday begins.A.as soon asB.soC.so thatD.even though【答案】A【解析】句意:假期一开始,我的家人总是去某个有趣的地方。as soon as 一就;so 因此;so that以便;even though虽然,尽管。根据句意可知选择A项。24.Julie didnt leave her officethe police arrived.A.howeverB.wheneverC.whileD.until【答案】D【解析】句意:直到警察到了Julie才离开她的办公室。notuntil意为“直到才”,符合题意,故选D。