基于GIS的高邮灌区信息系统研究与应用.doc

1、学号：0730120024 基于GIS的高邮灌区信息系统研究与应用硕士研究生姓名：邢广美 指导教师： 周密 副研究员 学科专业：地图学与地理信息系统 摘要：随着社会的发展，人类对水的需求越来越大。人类对水资源的需求使得水利行业对信息化、自动化、智能化和可视化的程度越来越高。灌区作为水利事业的重要部分，正在经历着信息化的变革。科学的调水、量水、取水、用水是灌区信息化、自动化建设的目标。论文在充分理解国家大型灌区信息建设标准的基础上，结合国内外灌区发展的理论和充分了解国内大型灌区实际研究灌区信息系统。系统采用计算机技术、自动控制技术、信息技术、系统工程技术、地理信息系统实现集信息采集、处理、决策、

2、信息反馈、监控为一体的灌区信息系统，以实现水资源的合理配置和灌溉系统的优化调度。论文以研究如何建立稳定、高效的灌区管理信息系统为基础。采用面向对象和组件化的开发方式，以“Delphi+MapObjects”为主要的开发环境。建立国家标准的灌区数据库，实现基于GIS技术的实时、历史水情、工情信息采集、处理、查询功能；基于GIS的渠系、水工控制建筑、测控站点和灌区基础信息库的文字、多媒体信息查询检索功能。基于专家系统技术灌区供水调度决策和仿真动画演示功能。实现灌区管理的可视化，信息化，乃至智能化的目标。最后，将研究的成果应用于高邮市灌区管理信息系统，实现高邮灌区的信息化管理。关键词：灌区；面向对象

3、；组件化；MapObjects；GIS；信息系统作者简介：邢广美，男，1984年生，2003年于河海大学电子信息工程专业毕业并获工学学士学位；2007年从师于河海大学地图学与地理信息系统专业周密副研究员，2010年4月毕业并获理学硕士学位。GIS-based Gaoyou Irrigation information system Research and ApplicationCandidate：Guangmei Xing Advisor： Associate Professor Mi Zhouspeciality：Cartography and Geographic Information

4、 SystemAbstract: With the development of society, human demand for water is growing. people dependent on water resources makes the water sector is heavily demand for information technology, automation, intelligent and visualization of increasingly high. Irrigation as an important part of water utili

5、ties are experiencing changes in information technology. Scientific fattemper, quantization , carry water ,user water is the irrigation manager s goals.With fully understand the basic states major irrigation construction criterion, combined with a large number of domestic irrigation development and

6、the actual work of Chinese large-scale irrigation areas in this paper. Irrigation System uses computer technology, automation technology, information technology, systems engineering technology, geographic information systems to achieve a set of information collection,processing, decision-making, inf

7、ormation feedback, monitoring of the irrigation information system as a whole, in order to realize rational allocation of water resources and irrigation systems optimal scheduling. This paper studies how to establish a stable, efficient irrigation management information system based on Object-orient

8、ed and component-based technology. The system adopts “Delphi + MapObjects” as systematic developing platforms. establish the national standards irrigation database, GIS-based technology to achieve real-time, historical water regime, information collection, processing, query functions; GIS-based cana

9、l system, hydraulic control of construction, test and control sites, and irrigation-based repository of text, multimedia information query search function. Based on expert system technology, irrigation water scheduling decision-making and simulation animation features. To achieve irrigation manageme

10、nt, visualization, information, and even intelligent goals. Finally, the results of research applied to Gaoyou Irrigation Management Information System, to achieve Gaoyou irrigation management goals.Keywords:irrigation;object-oriented;component-based;MapObjects;GIS;information systemIntroduction of

11、the Author: Guangmei Xing, was born on May 17.1984. Under the guidance of Associate Professor Mi Zhou , He was awarded the Master degree of Science at Hohai University on Apair.30，2009. Now，He continues his research works in the field of Cartography and Geographic Information System.学号：0730421003 城市

12、地面沉降监控指标体系及综合评判方法研究硕士研究生姓名：成微 指导教师： 岳建平 教授 学科专业：大地测量学与测量工程摘要：城市地面沉降是一种对人类生产和生活构成巨大危害的环境地质现象，及时、准确地对地面沉降进行监控，充分了解其发展状态和危害程度，对科学预防和控制地面沉降有着重要的现实意义。本文针对城市地面沉降的特点，围绕沉降监控指标体系及综合评判方法展开研究，主要内容和结论如下：（1）分析了引起城市地面沉降的主要成因，研究了抽取地下水和地面荷载作用下城市地面沉降的形成和发展机理，论述了粘土层厚度、地层组合、地下水头降深、土层应力历史、应力路径及荷载分布方式对地面沉降的影响。（2）分析总结了现有

13、城市地面沉降监控指标体系的不足，重点探讨了地面沉降对城市建筑物、地下管网、公路和铁路的破坏影响。根据地面沉降监控指标体系的设计原则，构建了基于沉降“形成原因-发展状态-危害影响”的城市地面沉降监控指标体系。（3）介绍了地面沉降监控指标分级的意义及分级方法，概述了研究区自然地质环境和地面沉降监测情况，以研究区实际情况为例，采用经验推理、公式计算、有限元建模等方法，深入研究了地面沉降监控成因指标、状态指标和危害指标的量化分级，分级结果能较好的反映不同沉降情况对各指标的影响。（4）阐述了地面沉降危害性评价的基本内容，分析了借助GIS进行地面沉降危害性评价的优势和实现原理，详细介绍了层次分析法的基本原

14、理和计算步骤。利用已建立的地面沉降监控指标体系，在Arcmap平台下提取了研究区沉降危害性评价指标图，并结合GIS和层次分析法，对该地区沉降危害性进行评价，评价结果与实际情况吻合良好，表明该方法具有较好的实际应用效果。关键词：地面沉降、沉降机理、监控指标、指标体系、指标分级、危害评价攻硕期间发表重要学术论文1 Jianping Yue,Wei Cheng,Lu Fang.The Study on Mathematical Model of Urban Land SubsidenceBased on Statistical AnalysisC.MASS(EMS/ISM)2009 Conferen

15、ce，2009，9.（EI）2 成微，岳建平，叶圣元. VB嵌入式编程在地面沉降信息处理中的应用J.测绘通报，2009，11：4951.（科技核心）作者简介：成微，女，1984年生，2003年于黑龙江工程学院测绘工程专业毕业并获工学学士学位；2007年从师于河海大学大地测量学与测量工程专业岳建平教授，2010年3月毕业并获工学硕士学位。Research on Monitoring Index System and Evaluation Mathods for Urban Land SubsidenceCandidate：Cheng Wei Advisor： Prof.Yue Jianpings

16、peciality：Geodeosy and Survey EngineeringAbstract: Land subsidence is a kind of environmental geological hazards which poses great threat to human life and production. Monitoring land subsidence timely and accurately to grasp its state of development and harm degree has important practical significa

17、nce for prevention and control of it. In this paper, according to the characteristics of land subsidece, the study is carried out on the monitoring index system and evaluation mathods. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: The major factors caused land subsidence were analyzed.

18、The formation and development mechanisms of land subsidence caused by groundwater withdrawal and ground load were studied. The effect of clay thickness, strata association, groundwater drawdown, stress history of layers, stress path and load distribution mode on land subsidence were discussed. The d

19、efects of present monitoring index system of urban land subsidence were analyzed. Influences of land subsidence on city building, underground pipe network, road and railway were mainly discussed. According to the design principles, this paper biult a land subsidence monitoring index system based on

20、“forming cause- development state- harmful impact” . The grading significance and method of land subsidence monitoring indexes were introduced, geological circumstances and the monitoring status of subsidence were summarized. Taking a research region for example, this paper deeply studyed the gradin

21、g of causal indexes, state indexes and hazard indexes of subsidence monitoring which using empirical reasoning, formula computing and finite element method. The grading results can reflect the influences of different states of subsidence on indexes well. Basic components of land subsidence hazard ev

22、aluation were described. Advantages and principles of applying GIS to subsidence hazard evaluation were analyzed. Basic principles and calculation procedures were introduced in detail. In this paper, according to the established land subsidence monitoring index system, diagrams of indexes for subsid

23、ence hazard evaluation were extracted on Arcmap platform, hazard of land subsidence in research region was evaluated by GIS and analytic hierarchy process. The evaluation results were in good agreement with the practical situation which indicates this mathod has a good practice effect.Key Words: lan

24、d subsidence settlement mechanism monitoring index index system indexgrade hazard evaluationResearch Achievements 1 Jianping Yue,Wei Cheng,Lu Fang.The Study on Mathematical Model of Urban Land SubsidenceBased on Statistical AnalysisC.MASS(EMS/ISM)2009 Conference，2009，9. 2 Cheng Wei, Yue Jianping, Ye

25、 Shengyuan. Application of VB Embedded Programming in InformationProcessing of Land SubsidenceJ.Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2009, 11：4951. Introduction of the Author: Cheng Wei, was born on Octorber 9.1984. Under the guidance of prof. Yue Jianping. He was awarded the Master degree of Engineer

26、ing at Hohai University on Mar, 2010. Now，He continues his research works in the field of Geodeosy and Survey Engineering.学号：0730421019 基于灰色AHP理论的大坝安全监测系统综合评价研究硕士研究生姓名：段伟 指导教师： 黄腾 研究员 学科专业：大地测量学与测量工程摘要：大坝安全监测系统综合评价是大坝定检过程中不可缺少的重要项目，获得及时、正确、连续、可靠的反映大坝形体变形的监测数据是对大坝工作性态进行深入分析的前提和依托。由于大坝安全监测涉及的知识面广，需要的具

27、体监测数据多，评价工作复杂且繁琐，因此，该方面的研究还没有形成一个完整的理论体系，许多评价指标和方法还处于初步研究和讨论之中。灰色AHP综合评价法是将层次分析法与灰色综合评价法进行优势互补而形成的一种新的组合评价法，已在农业、环境等领域获得了很好的应用，本文在总结目前国内外关于综合评价研究成果的基础上结合大坝安全监测系统的特点，对灰色AHP综合评价法在大坝安全监测系统中的应用进行了深入研究。概括起来主要有以下几个方面内容： （1）对大坝安全监测系统综合评价方法研究的现状进行了总结与评述，论述了基于AHP（层次分析法）和灰色系统的灰色AHP综合评价法的基本原理及其在大坝安全监测系统综合评价中的应

28、用。（2）深入分析了大坝安全监测系统的特点，将其分为多级子系统，从而建立了大坝安全监测系统综合评价的层次结构模型，并根据AHP理论给出了确定各层指标权重的方法。（3）归纳总结了监测系统各项监测设施及方法，结合工程实际经验及相关规范，将数理统计原理与多元逐步回归模型应用到部分监测项目的评价标准制定中，给出了各底层指标的评价标准；在数据长期准确性指标的评价中，作者使用VB编程工具编制了“多元逐步回归分析程序”用于复相关系数及剩余标准差的计算分析。（4）运用灰色AHP综合评价法成功实现了对大广坝安全监测系统的定量评价，得出该大坝安全监测系统工作性态处于良好级别的结论。大广坝综合评价结果与工程实际情况

29、趋于一致，证明了灰色AHP综合评价法应用于大坝安全监测系统是有效可行的，该方法在一定程度上克服了评价过程中的人为因素，对其它大坝安全监测系统的综合评价工作具有一定的参考价值。关键词：大坝监测系统、灰色AHP理论、综合评价、评价指标、关联度攻硕期间发表重要学术论文1 梅红，段伟，黄腾. 混凝土坝安全监测系统评价指标研究.水电自动化与大坝监测，2009(6).作者简介：段伟，男，1985年生，2007年于中国矿业大学测绘工程专业毕业并获工学学士学位；2007年从师于河海大学测绘科学与技术专业黄腾研究员，2010年3月毕业并获工学硕士学位。Research on Comprehensive Eval

30、uation of Dam Safety Monitoring System Based on Grey AHP SystemCandidate：Duan Wei Advisor： Prof.Huang Tengspeciality： Geodesy & Surveying EngineeringAbstract: Comprehensive evaluation of safety system is an indispensable section in scheduled maintenance of dam. Due to the wide range of knowledge it

31、concerns, numerous specific monitoring data needed and the complication of this job, an integrated theoretical system has not been formed. Many assessment index and methods are still in primary discussion and studies.Based on the conclusion of research results of this field at home and abroad, this

32、paper made further inquiring in the comprehensive assessment of dam safety monitoring associated with the characters of safety inspection system. The main contents are as follows.At first, the current situation of comprehensive evaluation methods of dam safety monitoring system was sum up and analyz

33、ed. Then, the basic principles and of the grey AHP evaluation method based on AHP & grey system and its application on dam safety monitoring system were presented. According to the characters of dam monitoring system, this method built layer structure model by dividing the entire system into several

34、 sub-systems. Next, different monitoring facilities and their using strategies were summarized. In addition, combining with practical engineering knowledge and associated standards, mathematical statistics and multiple stepwise regression models were applied to the formation progress of part of the

35、evaluation standards. Assessment criterion of each ground index was given and means to determine the weighing of index were presented according to AHP theory. Finally, this method was successfully used in the quantitative assessment of dam safety monitoring system.To conclude, grey AHP comprehensive

36、 evaluation methods cope with the human factors in assessment to a certain degree. The result of this method is in accordance with the actual performance which proves its feasibility, so it has a kind of reference value to other dams safety evaluation.Kew Words: Dam Monitoring System，Grey AHP System

37、，Comprehensive Evaluation，Evaluation Indexes，CorrelationResearch Achievements 1 Mei Hong,Duan Wei,Huang Teng. Research on indexes of evaluation to dam safety monitoring system. Hydropower Automation and Dam Monitoring.2009(6).Introduction of the Author: Duan Wei, was born on November 4.1985. Under t

38、he guidance of prof. Huang Teng. He was awarded the Master degree of Engineering at Hohai University on April，2010. 学号：07304021027 超高建筑物变形监测技术分析与预报研究硕士研究生姓名：石磊 指导教师： 黄腾 研究员 学科专业：测绘工程摘要：现今我国经济飞速发展，各大城市超高建筑物鳞次栉比。超高建筑物结构体高大、复杂，施工困难，受到外界影响较多，当结构受力失衡后，极易使超高建筑物内部结构平衡遭到破坏，发生变形，进而影响建筑物正常使用，甚至发生事故。因此，进行超高建筑物

39、变形监测分析与预报，具有重大现实意义。本文结合中央电视台新台址大楼变形监测实际工程，对超高建筑物变形监测分析及预报主要做了以下研究：1) 系统地分析影响超高建筑物形变的多种因素。根据超高建筑自身特点，探讨变形监测基准网的布设与施测，重点探讨变形监测基准网稳定性分析中平均间隙法、分块间隙法、边长t检验法和坐标限差法，并以北京中央电视台新台址大楼变形监测为实例，具体阐述超高建筑监测基准网布设、施测以及稳定性检验。2) 基于TCA2003全站仪自动变形监测系统在中央电视台新台址大楼中实际需求情况，依据塔楼和悬臂监测技术特点，科学地确定监测点布设、外业施测及坐标系选取，实现变形监测的自动化和智能化。3

40、) 应用改进的小波阈值去噪法对测量数据进行误差处理，以便能更加准确分析超高建筑物变形。分析中央电视台新台址大楼周日变形规律及日累积变形情况，尤其对悬臂周日变形规律作出重点分析，为预调值调整和建筑物安全提供可靠资料。4) 研究了变形监测预报模型多元线性回归分析模型和非线性径向基函数网络模型。阐述两种模型建模基本思想，重点研究径向基函数网络模型结构及其参数求解方法。结合中央电视台新台址大楼工程，分别运用两种模型进行预报，预报效果良好。关键词：超高建筑物，变形分析，小波阈值法，径向基函数，变形预报Study on Super-high Building Deformation Monitoring

41、Technology Analysis and ForecastCandidate：Shilei Advisor： Prof.Huang Tengspeciality：Surveying EngineeringAbstract: As the high development of economy of our country, super-high building appears closely side by sidein many large cities. The structure of super-high building is tall and complex, diffic

42、ult to construct, and more affected by external. When the force of structure is not balance, the balances of internal structuresof super-high building are easy to be destroyed, distortion comes out, and the normal use is affected, even some accident happened. Therefore, it has realistic significance

43、to monitoring analyzeand forecast the distortion of super-high building. This paper makes the following researches for monitoring analyzeand forecast the distortion of super-high building linked with the practicalengineering of the distortion monitoring of CCTV new site. 1) Analyze the multi-factors

44、 affected the distortion of super-high building systematically. Investigate the layout and construction of distortion monitoring reference net according to the characteristic of super-high building, and focus on the average gap method, sub-block gap method, side length test and coordinate difference

45、 method limits in the stability analysis of distortion monitoring reference net. Take the practicalengineering of the distortion monitoring of CCTV new site for example, and elaborate the layout, construct and stability prove of super-high building concretely.2) Discuss the real requirement of the t

46、otal stationautomatic distortion monitor- ing system based on TCA2003, according to the characteristic of Towers and cantilever monitoring techniques; and determine the layout of monitoring points, field measurements and the selection of coordinate system scientifically in order to achieve distortio

47、n monitoring automation, intelligent.3) Apply the improved wavelet threshold filtering method to remove the error of the measurement data in order to allow more accurate analysis of super-high building deformation. Analyze the CCTV new site Sunday, daily and cantilever distortion in an effort to pre-set value of the adjustment and the safety of buildings to provide reliable information.4) Study On the distortion monitoring and forecasting models - multiple linear regression analysis models